The following article is still copyright by Mal. Wright and is reproduced here with his permission. It provides a summary of the colour schemes applied to the warships of various nations.
Colour Schemes of WW1 Warships
By Mal.Wright. © Revised 2003.
British
At the commencement of WW1 the British were using a grey officially termed “Battleship Grey”. This was very dark, almost charcoal grey and can be easily Spotted in early photographs. During the first year however, this was changed to ‘mid’ grey, partly because of the shortage of dark pigments and the realisation that shortages might get worse as the War went on. The new shade proved better. In the mid war period, many Battlecruisers, had a panel of dark grey, or dark blue, amidships on the hull. This did not reach to the bow or stern. The length being usually, from fore turret to aft turret. It was intended to give a ‘shortening’ effect, when viewed at a long distance, to confuse the enemy as to range. New Zealand had a white ensign painted on both sides of her foretop. Black waterlines were discontinued in some areas, although major units, with the Grand Fleet usually continued the practice.
Torpedo Boats and Destroyers were usually black for early classes, but dark grey for newer vessels. Units of the ‘L’ class entered service in black, but soon changed to grey. War built units usually completed in ‘Mid Grey.’ By 1917 nearly all Destroyers and smaller were grey. Only a few torpedo boats continued in black, until the war’s end. On ‘Tiddly ships’ (Fancy) the practice of painting the metal areas around the anchor cables in Brunswick green was continued and most turret tops were in dark, flat, Brunswick Green on capital ships. Some may have used dark grey. After Jutland, the idea was adopted, of painting some turrets of Battleships and Battle cruisers, very dark grey. These were then marked with White calibration marks so that other ships could see the direction the guns were trained, even if unable to see the target, themselves.
Which turrets were painted this way, was deliberately varied from ship to ship in all classes, which helped within the squadron, when identifying units, in low visibility. The placing of aircraft flying off platforms was similarly varied.
Cortesine was a mid brown linoleum type decking used on small ships in areas where the crew required a good foot grip but timber would have been too heavy. Cortesine was also used on larger ships as an alternative to wood on high areas such as the bridge and bridge wings, where men had to stand for long hours on watch. This was to protect their feet from the cold of metal decks. Strips of Cortesine often ran along the decks of some ships particularly to torpedo tubes and etc. These formed an impression of footpaths running along the deck. Unlike other nations there is no evidence that the metal strips holding these down, were polished. On older ships that used coal, It was the custom, to paint the horizontal metal decks directly around the funnels black. This was discontinued on oil burning ships. Those with grey decks normally had the horizontal surfaces in a darker shade.
Read More »